Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 1 Kommunikációs rendszerek alapjai 8. előadás Magánhálózatok Private networks Takács György.

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 1 Kommunikációs rendszerek alapjai 8. előadás Magánhálózatok Private networks Takács György

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 2 Zárthelyi 2011. november 14. 9 15 -10 15 Téma: Az első 8 előadás teljes anyaga Angol nyelvű olvasható válaszokkal 10 kérdés Több csoport Utána szünet és előadás (ADSL) Előző évek kérdései és (sokszor téves) válaszai az interneten fellelhetők Elégséges szint 50+ százalék Pótzárthelyi utolsó héten

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 3 Private networks Closed User Group, Special Purpose network Railway, transport, pipeline, fleet Water management Energy systems Emergency services Police networks Military networks Government networks Company-wide networks (MOL, OTP) Global Company Networks (Coca Cola) Seat Reservation Networks (SITA) Insurrance companies, Retail Chains (e.g. TESCO)….

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 4 Common features of private networks Internal numbering schemes, addressing system Strictly regulated gateway function for interconnection to other (public) networks The transmission part of networks might be leased line or own connection (radio) The multiplexing, switching, management, authentication processes are private functions Task oriented service quality parameters (reliability, usability, error rate, response time, redundancy, backup time …) Separated frequency management („governmental” use)

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 5 Eexamples of private networks Hungarnet -- for research and academic community in Hungary Pázmány CU is one of the members Governmental support (?) Part of EU GEANT project The transmission part is set of leased dark fibre connections The switching and operation function in the hand of HUNGARNET www.iif.hu www.hungarnet.hu

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 6

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 13 A HBONE gerinc 2005. június 10-én

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 14 38. Pázmány P. Katolikus Egyetem Jog- és Államtudományi Kar, Szentkirályi u. 28. 1. NIIF központ, Victor Hugo u., XIII 69. Pázmány P. Katolikus Egyetem ITK, Práter u. Fővárosi nagysebességű kapcsolatok

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 15 GÉANT2 The world- leading research and education network for Europe. 2009

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 16 NIIF VoIP hálózat

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 17 Csatlakozott intézmények a térképen

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 19 The outlook of this building probably will be similar in 100 years. In 10 years the educated topics will be quite different!

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 20 The ICT is not the part of the building, but topic of the education program. We need a building, that capable to implement any kind of new technologies.

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 21 Nice configuration of light items in the corridor….. New optical fibres can be implemented in the duct system without disturbing the outlook.

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 22 Planning principles 500 computers and 100 telephone in the networks, Fast, error free and reliable operation, Ready system for any new technologies, Popular test bed for system suppliers, No disturbing in outlook!

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 23 Consequences Robust, multi-path external connections, meshed topology, load sharing operation Copper, optical, radio technologies in internal and external links Over dimensioned and accessible duct system

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 24 Optical connections with copper backup Copper pairs GSM Rádio links

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 30 Arrays of computers

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 31 PC controlled measuring equipment

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 32 Ducts for further cabeling

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 33 Free capacity in the ducts systems

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 36 Basic issues in prvate network planning Existing or new building Single site or separated sites Integrated or dedicated networks Selecting of the transport technologies (optical, copper or radio) Design of the network topology (star, meshed……) Optimal placing and dimensioning of nodes Duct system planning

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 37 Existing or new building The lifetime of the building is minimum 100 years. The lifetime of a network technology is about 10 years. The capacity demand is permanently increasing. The physical place of the duct system is defined by the building construction. Critical places are: vertical ducts, backbone parts, distribution frames. Further critical issues: powering, climatic system capacities, uninterrupted powering

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 38 Multiple site networks Multi site systems need standardised interfaces (physical, protocol and signalling) Interconnection links are usually leased lines. Managed leased links and spare capacities can provide the required reliability. Spared links might be switched connections. Independent path or technology (radio or wired) can improve availability.

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 39 Integrated or dedicated networks The terminals might be computers, TV-sets, mobile phones radio sets or universal devices like the smartphones. Popular solution is a unified access like a structured network. The structured network has vertical and horisontal links. The interconnection points are in distribution frames. Radio based access fits well to the structured systems.

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 42 Technology selection In one optical fibre in one wavelength window can be transported 10 Gbit/s In a UTP cable up to 100m can be transported 10 Gbit/s In an in-door radio link can be transported 300Mbit/s Transport technology standards are in IEEE 802.3 series

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 43 Selection based on price figures 1 m UTP CAT6 takes about 0,5$, easy to install, one port takes about 7$ 1 m optical cable takes about 1 $, installation require special tools and skills, one port takes abou 200 $. UTP cables can be install easily in new ducts. Optical cables can be installed (e. g. by compressed air into existing holes, ducts) WIFI interface takes about 40$ The prices are decreasing!

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 44 Topology selection The basic form is the star topology in the horizontal part. The physical place of star nodes is price sensitive. The meshed horizontal is advised in the case of high reliability. The multiple connection to outside (public) networks can improve the availability.

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 45 Dimensioning of nodes A small (16-20 port switch) takes about 100$. – and this is equal to the price of 200m UTP cable! A new node in a room is economical in the case of 20 terminals, if the nearest existing node distance is more then 10 m. The usual prt number of active devices are 5-8- 16-20-40. Their price is decreasing.

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 46 Placing and dimensioning of ducts Careful laying and installation is required. The radius of turning is defined. The fixing of cables must be soft. The ducts of structured cables must be well separated from the powering cabling. Careful grounding is required for safety reasons and to reduce interferences. Spare capacity in the ducts must be minimum 50%!

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 54 IEEE P802.3an (10GBASE-T) Task Force On June 8, 2006, the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board approved IEEE P802.3an. As per IEEE-SA copyright requirements, the password for the private area has been changed. As of September 1, 2006, IEEE Std. 802.3an TM -2006 is available for purchase from the IEEE Store. In March 2007, the standard will be available via the Get IEEE 802® program.IEEE StoreGet IEEE 802® Thank you, Brad Booth Chair, IEEE P802.3an Task Force

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 56 Ethernet consists of layer 1 and 2 of the OSI model

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 57 PHYsical layer device

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 59 10 GbE standards

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 60 10Gb optical choices

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 61 IEEE 802 10GBASE- T What is 10GBASE-T? – It’s a New 10GE PHY Where are the 10GBASE-T applications? – Initially in the Data Center, but also the Horizontal Who will implement 10GBASE-T products? – Both Server and System Vendors (for data & storage) Why is 10GE over copper important? – Cost $$$ It’s cheap relative to 10GE Optical

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 62 10GBASE-T Initial Goal – 10 Gigabit Ethernet over horizontal structured, twisted-pair copper cabling – 10 Gigabit Ethernet MAC and media independent interface as specified in IEEE 802.3ae™, – Copper cabling is assumed to be ISO/IEC-11801:2002 Class D or better copper cable

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 63 10GBASE-T Objectives: Keeping it Ethernet – Preserve the 802.3/Ethernet frame format at the Client service interface – Preserve min. and max. frame size of current 802.3 Std. – Support star-wired local area networks using point-to-point links and structured cabling topologies Keeping it 10 Gigabit Ethernet – Support full duplex operation only – Support a speed of 10.000 Gb/s at the MAC/PLS service interface Compatibility with 802.3 – Support Clause 28 auto-negotiation – To not support 802.3ah (EFM) OAM unidirectional operation – Support coexistence with 802.3af (DTE Power via Ethernet)

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 64 10GBASE-T Objectives Objectives (con’t.) Speed, Media & Reach – Select copper media from ISO/IEC 11801:2002, with any appropriate augmentation to be developed through work of 802.3 in conjunction with SC25/WG3 – Support operation over 4-connector structured 4-pair, twisted-pair copper cabling for all supported distances and Classes – Define a single 10 Gb/s PHY that would support links of: At least 100 m on four-pair Class F (Cat 7) balanced copper cabling At least 55 m to 100 m on four-pair Class E (Cat 6) balanced copper cabling

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 66 10GBASE-T Markets 1st – The Data Center – Density of compute devices (modular platforms) – Need more bandwidth per link than 1000BASE-T or link aggregation can provide – Less constrained by installed base or structured cabling standards – “If there is no way to verify the circuit, I will install new cabling”… M. Bennett, Lawrence Berkeley Lab 2nd – Horizontal Enterprise Networks – Higher speed aggregation points in the wiring closets – Needs to conform to structured cabling standards Future build outs will utilize enhance cabling specifications – “Today’s server is tomorrow’s desktop”… S. Muller Not by 2006, but eventually it will happen as costs drop and bandwidth intensive applications increase

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 71 Worldwide Structured Cabling Market

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 72 SYSTIMAX® GigaSPEED® X10D Solution

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 74 10GBASE 10GBASE-T Cabling Characterisation Performance models established by 10GBASE-T Study Group – Measurement data for Class D - F cabling to 625 MHz – Data includes screened & unscreened cabling systems – Measured data has been scaled to established limits – Data captured for Cat 5e/Class D, Cat 6/Class E, Cat 7/Class F: Insertion Loss Return Loss Pair-to-Pair NEXT Power Sum NEXT Pair-to-Pair FEXT Pair-to-Pair ELFEXT Power Sum ELFEXT Alien Crosstalk also investigated by 10GBASE-T Study Group – Valuable measurement data established

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 77 Key issues Higher symbol rate requires higher signal bandwidth – Class D (Cat 5e), if used, will be utilized beyond its specified frequency range – Class E (Cat 6) will have to have it’s performance characterized beyond 250MHz and up to 625MHz TSB being prepared by TIA – Class F (Cat 7) is adequately specified – TIA and ISO are engaged in extended frequency and alien crosstalk augmentation and characterization of Class E & F Higher symbol rate and higher level modulation imply – Higher performance requirements on the Analog Front End – More complex signal processing – Cancellation of FEXT – Aggressive timing requirements Alien Crosstalk is a significant factor in capacity on UTP

Komm. rendsz. 8. előadás 2011. november 7. 1 Kommunikációs rendszerek alapjai 8. előadás Magánhálózatok Private networks Takács György.

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