Media consumption of Hungarians living abroad

Media consumption of Hungarians living abroad
Analysis for MEME 21st November 2016

Contents 03 28 06 34 13 63 21 75 Research background
Contact with people living home 06 34 Demographics Media consumption habits 13 63 Background of moving abroad Consumption of domestic content 21 75 Social integration Plans and moving back home

Research Background

Research Background TARGET GROUP METHOD LENGTH OF INTERVIEWS AND FIELD
Hungarian citizens between years, born in Hungary, living (habitually) abroad (in Great Britain or in Germany) METHOD CAWI (Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing) snowball method started through 3 channels: I. Through closed and public Facebook groups for Hungarians living abroad II. Through acquaintances’ recommendationl III. With Facebook campaign LENGTH OF INTERVIEWS AND FIELD 15 minutes long self-completed interviews. Time of fieldworks: – ANALYSIS Demographics, reasons and circumstances of emigration. Media consumption habits of Hungarians living abroad, focused on domestic audio-visual content

SEEMIG and Ipsos Sample
METHODOLOGY AND SAMPLE The results of the current and the SEEMIG research are comparable on several points, but it is important to highlight some basic methodological and other differences that cannot be ignored during a possible comparison. The SEEMIG analysis reflects the conditions of early 2013, and the data providers were not the emigrated ones but their family members and household members who stayed home. This study collected data also about former members of households currently living abroad, resp. about emigrated siblings of household members, while the current study has reached Hungarians living abroad directly, with snowball method. The current research is not representative, and this could not even be a goal: only those between years and living in Great Britain and in Germany were asked to join the survey, while the SEEMIG research presented detailed data about Hungarians living in Austria as well. RESULTS, CORRELATIONS Despite methodological and other differences there can some similar results be observed in the two studies. The vast majority of Hungarians moving abroad is single, and relatively many of them have graduated from high school or university. The majority of Hungarians living abroad maintains intensive contact with people at home.

DemogrAPHICS

Summary DEMOGRAPHICS AND ITS CHANGES
The majority of research participants moved out in the past 5 years, mostly from the capital. The current type of settlement is different from the original. In Great Britain, the majority is still living in the capital or in bigger cities, while in Germany they have found home rather in smaller provincial towns. In Germany relatively more people are living in villages than in Great Britain. The majority of respondents graduated at least from high school, and about 40 % of them has a university diploma. During their residency abroad, the difficulties caused by language barrels are seemingly decreasing, the current language skills are significantly better than at the time of moving. Most respondents did intellectual work in Hungary as employees but the rate of people working in this kind of position abroad is smaller. While in Hungary many of them were in educational status, after moving this rate became significantly lower. Approx. 2/3 of respondents is married or in relationship, 1/4 of them is single. Half of them does not have children. Members of the target group typically visit home once or a few times a year.

Sample Constitution 46% 51% 57% 43% 52% 48% 22% 31% 35% 22% 43% 47%
Current residence, gender rate, age Gender rate Current residence IPSOS sample SEEMIG sample Northern Ireland Wales Scotland England 46% Men Women Men Women 57% 43% 52% 48% age Germany 51% 22% 31% 35% 22% The vast majority of respondents living abroad has settled in England or in Germany. The gender rate is almost the same as in the sample of SEEMIG, while the sample reached by Ipsos is older in average. IPSOS sample SEEMIG sample 43% 47% A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample)

Gender Rate and Age by Country
Gender and age of respondents 6,4 Gender rate Men 57% Men 56% Men 58% Women 43% Women 44% Women 42% total Great britain germany 6,4 % % % Age % % % % % % A great proportion of asked Hungarians living abroad are men in both countries. In Great Britain, nearly half of the sample is between years, while in Germany only 39 % belongs to this age group. However, there is no significant difference between the countries by age. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Emigration and Citizenship
Citizenship of respondents, nature of residence and the year of moving CITIZENSHIP YEAR OF MOVING ABROAD total Great britain germany 6,4 % % % Hungarian Dual % % % 89% 11% % % % RESIDENCE Majority of respondents is Hungarian citizen living abroad permanently and only a few of them are commuting – from Germany more, approx. twice as many (15 %) than from Great Britain (7 %) since that country is in a bigger distance. In addition to the smaller distance this is also related to the fact that in Germany the rate of people having started a new live recently (less than 5 years ago) is significantly higher. This is because Hungarians living abroad are more likely to commute in the first years, as the detailed analysis has proven. (This is especially true in case of those who have emigrated approx. 1 year ago.) Living abroad Commuting 89% 11% A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Settlement Type Total 22% 32% 34% 13% Great Britain 35% 32% 29% 4%
Character of the current settlement Capital BIG city Small town Village Total 22% 32% 34% 13% Great Britain 35% 32% 29% 4% Germany 9% 31% 39% 21% In Great Britain, most Hungarians find their new home in the capital, resp. in bigger cities, while in Germany they rather move to smaller provincial towns. Relatively much more people are living in German villages than in English ones, while the German capital is underrepresented in the sample compared to London. Among people living in the capital singles (unmarried or divorced) represent a higher proportion compared to the average. The settlement type is also related to the number of children in the family: the smaller is the settlement the family lives in, the higher is the average number of children. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Settlement Type Character of the current and former settlement (%) total Great britain germany Most Hungarians moving abroad arrive from Budapest, and they typically move to smaller towns. In case of people emigrating to Great Britain the pattern of residences before and after moving is similar (although the categories of towns of different sizes balance out), while in Germany completely different types of settlements are typical among the Hungarians compared to their home. However, it also seems that the rate of Budapest residents is significantly lower among those who moved to Germany (29 %). A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Background of moving

JOINING THE SIGNIFICANT OTHER/Family
Reason of Moving What was your goal with moving abroad? workING SETTLING DOWN JOINING THE SIGNIFICANT OTHER/Family StuDYING Other Total 73% 23% 16% 12% 2% Great Britain 75% 27% 12% 16% 2% Germany 71% 20% 21% 9% 2% The reason of moving is primarily working abroad. Approx. 1/4 of respondents arrived with settling goals; this is followed by joining the significant other or family. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Reason of Moving  Total      73% 23% 16% 12% 
By demographic variables Total Gender Age Marital status Settlement type        18-29 30-39 40-49 73% 23% 16% 12% 83% 59% 72% 78% 66% 81% 69% 70% 74% 73% 79% 26% 19% 21% 24% 18% 27% 7% 29% 17% 15% 10% 16% 13% 9% 23% 11% 20% 8% 6% workING SETTLING DOWN JOINING THE SIGNIFICANT OTHER/family studyING Those who have arrived to work are typically young single men. Naturally, those who are moving to join their significant other or family are primarily married people with children. Studying reasons are typical for the youngest, single people, primarily from the capital. N=736 (total sample)

Motivation to Move Abroad
What kind of reasons played part in your decision? (%) The reason of moving is mainly working abroad; this means that moving was primarily influenced by financial, subsistence and work-related reasons. Family and personal reasons were listed as third most important. There were also professional, political and educational reasons mentioned, but only in lower rate. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Language Skills Total Great Britain Germany 33% 42% 23% 2% 17% 20% 34%
On what level did you speak the language of the country when you moved there? And currently on what level do you speak it? FlUentlY ON intermediate LEVEL ON BASIC LEVEL NOT AT ALL Total Currently 33% Currently 42% Currently 23% Currently 2% Formerly 17% Formerly 20% Formerly 34% Formerly 29% Great Britain Currently 45% Currently 40% Currently 12% Currently 2% Formerly 25% Formerly 28% Formerly 30% Formerly 17% Germany Currently 23% Currently 44% Currently 31% Currentl 2% Formerly 9% Formerly 12% Formerly 37% Formerly 41% At the time of moving the majority already spoke the language of the country on some level, although there are significant differences between the knowledge of the two languages. Most of those who moved to Germany (41 %) did not speak German at all, and only a few of them spoke the language fluently. During their foreign residence the language barrels have decreased, and the current language skills are significantly better in both countries than at the time of moving. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Education Level Highest completed education level 6,4 The majority of respondent has graduated at least from high school, and approx. 40 % has a university diploma, however, in Great Britain this rate is significantly higher than in Germany (45 % vs. 36 %). A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Married or in a partnership
Marital Status Marital status and number of children Married or in a partnership single divorced Widowed Total 26% 65% 9% 0% NO CHILDREN 1 child 2 children 3 or more children Total 50% 19% 19% 12% Great Britain 59% 17% 14% 10% Germany 42% 21% 24% 13% 2/3 of respondents is married or living in a partnership, 1/4 of them is single. Half of the respondents does not have children, those with children are overrepresented in Germany. Comparing marital status to the purpose of moving it shows that among singles there is a higher rate of those who arrived abroad for working or educational purposes, while among family people those who wish to settle down and join their significant other/family are overrepresented. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Activity What was your typical activity in the last 6 months before moving abroad, and what is it now? Before moving Most of the respondents (more than 1/3) did intellectual work in Hungary as employees. However, the rate of those who work in the same position abroad is lower. Currently manual work is rather typical, the rate of people doing this kind of work is overrepresented in Germany. While many were in educational status at home, this rate significantly decreases with moving abroad; presumably many young people find a job in these countries after finishing school. Currently A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Social integration

Summary INTEGRATION AND KEEPING IN TOUCH FUTURE PLANS
The majority of Hungarians living abroad lives with their former Hungarian household members, resp. a significant rate lives with other Hungarians. Most of them have Hungarian friends, local friends and friends from other ethnicities as well, but the difficulties of integration can be seen from how many Hungarians only have Hungarian friends. The vast majority of respondents feels that their integration was successful, moreover, 1/5 of them considers the given country as their home. This is especially true in case of those who have lived abroad for a longer time. Those who have arrived recently often feel like strangers. The tools used most often to keep in touch with people at home are (in order) Facebook, phone and Skype. Traditional phone call and text message is used most commonly, video call is less typical. They contact people at home mostly every day or several times a week. The majority visits home a few times a year, regardless of the time of moving. FUTURE PLANS More than a third of Hungarians living abroad wants to stay in the given country permanently, although there is a similar rate of those who are uncertain about the future. Those who want to stay in the country permanently are typically people with family, living in villages. Those who want to move back to Hungary represent 16 % and intend to do so in 1-5 years. 60 % of Hungarians living in Great Britain thinks that the Brexit will not affect their residence in the country, but still many (38 %) think that it will make their life more difficult in some respect.

Social Environment Total 7% 13% 19% 45% 16% Great Britain 11% 14% 22%
Who do you live with currently? Hungarians (household members EXCLUDED) hungarians (former household members) LOCAL citizens LOCAL partner LIVING Alone Total 7% 13% 19% 45% 16% Great Britain 11% 14% 22% 43% 11% Germany 3% 12% 16% 48% 21% Most of respondents still live with their former, Hungarian household members, resp. a significant rate lives with other Hungarian citizens. The rate of people living alone is higher in Germany than in Great Britain, while it is less frequent that they live with other local citizens. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britaun) | N=375 (Germany)

Circle of Friends Total 10% 22% 6% 56% 6% Great Britain 10% 19% 6% 59%
Who are your friends abroad? Both local and other nationalities Hungarians LIVING ABROAD Other nationalities DoEs nOt have ANY friends Locals Total 10% 22% 6% 56% 6% Great Britain 10% 19% 6% 59% 5% Germany 10% 26% 5% 53% 6% For the majority it was seemingly no problem to integrate, they have Hungarian friends, local friends and friends from other nationalities as well. However, 1/4 of Hungarians emigrated to Germany mostly meets local Hungarians. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Circle of Friends vs. Year of Moving
Who are your friends abroad? 2011+ Between 2006 and 2010 -2005 Local Hungarians 24% Local Hungarians 21% Local Hungarians 14% 6,4 6,4 6,4 Locals 8% Locals 12% Locals 17% Other 61% Other 62% Other 68% No friends % No friends 5% No friends 1% The composition of circle of friends of Hungarians arrived recently differs from the circle of friends of those who live abroad for a longer time. Among the freshly moved there is a relatively higher rate of those who do not really have friends yet, resp. who rather seek connections with other Hungarians living abroad. This rate is significantly lower in case of those who live abroad for a longer time (even for a decade); in their case the rate of local friends is higher than average. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample)

Degree of Integration Total Great Britain Germany 3,5% 23,6% 51,8%
How do you feel about your integration abroad? Could not really SETTLE in Start to SETTLE in but OFTEN feel like Strangers MANAGED TO SETTLE IN QUITE WELL ALREADY Consider THIS country as home Total 3,5% 23,6% 51,8% 21,1% Great Britain 3,3% 20,5% 51,2% 24,9% Germany 3,7% 26,7% 52,3% 17,3% Most of respondents feel that their integration was successful, moreover, 1/5 of them considers the given country as their home. For Hungarians living in Germany it is more typical to feel like strangers, therefore it is understandable that they also consider the country less as their home. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Integration vs. Year of Moving
How do you feel about your integration abroad? 2011+ Between 2006 and 2010 -2005 Failed 3% 6,4 6,4 Failed 4% Failed 4% 6,4 Start to settlle in 29% Start to settle is 14% Start to settle in 8% Settled in successfully 52% Settled in successfully 51% Settled in successfully 51% Feel like home 15% Feel like home 31% Feel like home 37% The degree of integration significantly depends on the time spent in the new country. The longer the respondents live abroad, the more they feel like home there, while those who have arrived recently, often feel like strangers. Most of respondents integrated successfully, regardless of time spend abroad, and there is a marginal rate of those who completely failed, which is probably connected with other reasons than time spent abroad. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample)

Contact with people at home

Ways of Keeping in Touch
Usage of communication channels phone facebook skype viber whatsapp 6,4 Total 87% 95% 83% 55% 44% Great Britain 83% 95% 84% 56% 35% Germany 91% 94% 82% 54% 52% Most typcial way of keeping in touch with people at home are (in order) Facebook, phone and Skype. Usage of WhatsApp is more common among Hungarians in Germany but it is still the least popular way of communication in both countries. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Ways of Keeping in Touch
Ways of usage of communication channels pHONE facebook skype viber whatsapp Text messages 50% 87% 34% 41% 38% 6,4 Phone calls 66% 39% 36% 35% 20% Video calls 30% 38% 68% 23% 12% People communicate with text messages most often via Facebook. For calls they use the telephone most often, and after this Facebook, Skype and Viber have a similar popularity. For video calling, 2/3 uses Skype. Viber is mostly used for text messaging (although it is not the most widespread method), just like WhatsApp. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample)

Frequency of Communication vs. Target Country
Keeping in touch and frequency of visiting home How often do You communicate with your acquaintances living in hungary? How often do you visit hungary? 6,4 2/3 of respondents communicate with their acquaintances every day or every few days – Hungarians living in Germany do so a slightly more frequently. There are only a few who communicate with people at home less frequently than two weeks. Approx. half of the respondents visit home a few times a year, but there are also many who do so every 2-3 months. Hungarians living in Germany – just like in case of keeping in touch – visit home more often than those who live in Great Britain. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Frequency of Communication vs. Year of Moving
How often do you contact your acquaintances in Hungary? 2011+ Between 2006 and 2010 -2005 Daily 40% Daily 37% Daily 36% 6,4 6,4 6,4 6,4 Every few days 29% Every few days 29% Every few days 25% Weekly 20% Weekly 21% Weekly 17% Less often 11% Less often 13% Less often 22% Those who moved abroad in the past few years communicate slightly more with people at home than average, but regardless of the time of moving it can be said that daily contact is typical, even those who live abroad for a longer time do not communicate much less frequently. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample)

Frequency of Visiting Home vs. Year of Moving
How often do you visit Hungary? 2011+ Between 2006 and 2010 -2005 At least monthly 8% At least monthly 7% At least monthly 11% 6,4 6,4 6,4 6,4 2-3 months 19% 2-3 months 18% 2-3 months 18% A few times a year 48% A few times a year 44% A few times a year 40% Less often 25% Less often 31% Less often 31% Those who have moved recently visit home more frequently than others living abroad for a longer time. Among members of the latest group there are relatively more who never visit home anymore. Most of respondents visit home a few times a year, regardless of the time of moving. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample)

MEDIA CONSUMPTION HABITS

Summary Watching TV, media consumption and its changes
Frequency of watching TV has significantly decreased compared to times before moving. The radio consumption shows the same trend (although in a lower rate), and the situation of reading print is even more drastic. However, the frequency of internet usage is moving in an opposite direction. Hungarians living abroad are using internet on a daily basis, even several times a day. Almost everyone of them also uses WiFi daily on different devices. The rate of those who currently consume less media than usual is very high. Those who watch less TV are typically single men living in capitals who keep in touch with people at home less frequently. Those who listen to the radio less frequently are typically young women who visit home often and would like to return. Newspapers are mostly unpopular among elder divorced women living in small towns who also would like to come home. There are no significant differences between the countries in this respect. Among those who watch TV more frequently there is a higher rate of people who want to stay in the given country permanently. The frequent radio listeners and newspaper readers are typically living in the capital, and among those who use internet more frequently the elder women are overrepresented who plan to move back home in the future. Hungarians living abroad are well provided with digital tools, moreover, the vast majority of them has internet connection perfectly suitable for live video watching (streaming) at their foreign residence. PAY-TV AND ITS CHANGES Back at home 86 % of the respondents used pay-TV services, currently this rate is significantly lower, only 46 %. The vast majority of this group (88 %) used pay TV services at home as well, in a higher rate than those who are currently not clients. Most of them refer to the internet: they can find here all contents they are interested in. In relation to TV contents the free web-TV containing live programs and available on the internet was mentioned most frequently.

Media Consumption Media consumption on a daily basis total Great britain germany TV 38% TV 35% TV 40% 6,4 6,4 6,4 Radio 42% Radio 37% Radio 46% Print 14% Print 14% Print 15% Internet 98% Internet 98% Internet 99% The dominance of internet among media types is unquestionable. The rate of those who do not use TV, radio or print media at all can be estimated between %, while internet is used by all respondents with a certain frequency. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Television 7% 18% 10% 17% 13% 28% 19% 23% 40% 25% Several times a day
Frequency of TV usage Before moving CURRENTLY Several times a day Never Several times a day 7% Never 18% 10% Less often 17% 13% Every day Less often Several times a week 28% 19% 23% Every day 40% Several times a week 25% Frequency of watching TV has significantly decreased with moving. Before, 40 % of respondents watched TV every day, now only less than 1/3 of them, and even less do so more frequently. Moreover, the rate of those who do not watch TV at all has significantly increased (tripled) as well. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample)

TV vs. Target Country Watching TV currently and before moving Great britain Germany Hungarians living in Germany used to watch TV more frequently already before the moving. Moving affected the frequency of TV watching similarly as in case of Hungarians living in Great Britain, however, due to initial differences Hungarians in Germany watch more TV even currently than those living in England, Scotland or North Ireland. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Radio 7% 14% 13% 16% 14% 17% 29% 29% 33% 26% Several times a day Never
Frequency of radio usage Before moving CURRENTLY Several times a day Never Several times a day Never 7% 14% 13% Less often 16% 14% Less often 17% Every day Several times a week 29% 29% Every day 33% Several times a week 26% The frequency of listening to the radio has also decreased among people living abroad compared to times before moving, although not so significantly like in case of watching TV. Listening to the radio on a daily basis is still most typical, however, the number of those who currently never listen to radio has doubled. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample)

Radio vs. Target Country
Listening to the radio currently and before moving Great Britain Germany The same tendency can be observed as in case of TV: for Hungarians living in Germany the daily radio listening was more typical already before moving than for Hungarians living in Great Britain. It is a spectacular difference that while in case of Hungarians in Germany the rate of those who never listen to the radio has increased by only 4 percentage points , in Great Britain this difference is 10 percentage points. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Print 7% 9% 4% 20% 10% 21% 31% 22% 42% 31% Never Several times a day
Frequency of reading print media Before moving currently Never 9% Several times a day 7% 4% Several times a day Never 20% 10% Every day Every day Less often 21% 31% Several times a week 22% Less often 42% Several times a week 31% Just like in the cases mentioned before, the frequency of reading print media has also drastically decreased, reading on a daily basis or several times a day is reduced by half. The rate of those who read less often than once a week has significantly increased (and is currently the highest), and the number of those who never read print media has also tripled. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample)

Print vs. Target Country
Reading print media currently and before moving GREAT BRITAIN GERMANY While in case of watching television and listening to the radio there was a difference between the consumption of German and British sample both before and after moving, in case of print the rates in both countries are nearly the same regarding the current situation. The daily and weekly print consumption was somewhat more frequent among Hungarians living in Germany before moving, however, this difference has disappeared with emigration. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Internet 3% 6% 26% 28% 72% 63% Less often Less often
Frequency of internet usage BEFORE MOVING CURRENTLY Less often 3% Less often Several times a week 6% Several times a week Every day 26% Every day 28% Several times a day Several times a day 72% 63% The frequency of internet usage is moving in an opposite direction compared to the frequency of watching TV, listening to the radio and reading print media. With the increase of distance the role of internet has presumably become more important for those living abroad, since they are using the internet basically every day, mostly even several times. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample)

Internet vs. Target Country
Internet usage currently and before moving GREAT BRITAIN GERMANY While the consumption of traditional media was rather typical for Hungarians living in Germany, the daily internet usage was more frequent among those living in Great Britain. The difference between these groups were 10 percentage points already before moving, and with emigration it has increased further to 13 percentage points. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Change of Media Consumption
Changes in usage of media types after moving TV RADIO PRINT INTeRNET increased 11% increased 21% increased 13% increased 4% no change 44% no change 42% no change 35% no change 81% decreased 45% decreased 37% decreased 53% decreased 15% There are detectable changes in the frequency of watching TV, listening to the radio and reading print compared to times before moving. The rate of those who currently consume media less frequently than usual is remarkably high. Those who watch TV less frequently are typically single men living in capitals; they also keep in touch with people at home less frequently compared to the average. Those who listen to the radio less frequently are rather young women who travel home often and would like to return. Among those who read print less frequently in their foreign residence, the elder, divorced women living in small towns represent a higher proportion – they would also like to move home. There is no significant difference between the countries in this respect. Among those who watch TV more frequently there is a bigger proportion of those who intend to stay permanently in the given country; those who listen to the radio and read print more often are typically living in the capital, and among those who use the internet more frequently the elder women are overrepresented, who plan to move back in the future. N=736 (total sample)

Available Devices Do you, or your current household dispose of the following? (%) TV INTeRNET The most common device which can be found in almost every household is the smartphone. The majority of smartphone owners has internet on this device. Moreover, most foreign households dispose of a laptop or notebook and home landline internet as well. The average smart TV penetration of 44 % measured on the sample is outstanding compared to domestic rates. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany) * Ipsos’ CAPIbus measurement in October shows a smart TV coverage of 5,4 % in this age group in Hungary.

Solutions for TV Reception
How can be TV channels received in your current household? (%) In case of foreign households the digital terrestrial receiving is the most frequent reception method. This is especially true for households in Great Britain where TV channels can be received this way in more than 50 % of the cases. This is followed by digital cable which is typical for respondents living in Germany in a higher proportion than average. The rate of analogue reception is marginal, especially among Hungarians living in Great Britain. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Expenses Associated with Watching TV
PAYING TAX FOR TV DEVICE(S) IN THE HOUSEHOLD USE OF PAY-TV SERVICE Total 45% Great Britain 45% Germany 44% Nearly 80 % pays tax to the state for TV device in the household, and the majority of this group pays tax for a single device. Nearly 50 % of respondents uses pay-TV service, the majority of them (88 %) has pay-TV at home as well, in a higher proportion than those who are currently not clients. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Use of Pay-TV Services  Total      45% 55%
By demographic variables Total Gender Age Marital status Settlement type        18-29 30-39 40-49 Yes No 45% 55% 45% 44% 36% 42% 54% 37% 63% 48% 43% 55% 56% 64% 59% 46% 52% 57% 58% Paid TV channels are typically watched by the elder age group, among them the divorced represent a higher proportion. They have moved to the given country long ago, they intend to stay permanently, they consider the given country as their home. The youngest generation (especially the singles) uses this kind of service less frequently. Among them there is also a higher rate of those who have recently moved abroad. A higher proportion of them is represented by those who would like to return to Hungary; they currently visit home several times a month. N=736 (total sample)

Use of TV Services From which TV provider do you receive/have you received a service? 33% UPC 30% Digi 25% Telekom 6% Invitel 3% Antenna Hungária 12% Other BEFORE MOVING 11% Sky 7% Virgin 4% UPC 3% Netflix 3% British Telecom 6% Other GREAT BRITAIN 9% UPC 7% Kabel Deutschland 7% Telekom 6% Sky 5% Digi 9% Other GERMANY Before moving, the majority of respondents disposed of pay-TV service in Hungary (86 %); they received it most frequently from providers Digi TV, UPC Direct and T-Home. Nearly half of them (46 %) also subscribes for TV service at they residence abroad. 2/3 of those who did not use this kind of service at home, do not take this opportunity in their current residence either. Although they have clients in both countries, in Great Britain the Sky and in Germany the UPC are the most frequently used TV-providers. In Great Britain this provider is followed by Virgin Media, and in Germany both Kabel Deutschland and Deutsche Telecom represent a significant rate among respondents. Other mentioned TV-providers: TalkTalk, Invitel, NowTV, Tarr, OTE TV, Cablecom, Primacom, HD+, 1&1 N=241 (those who use pay-TV service) | N=125 (Great Britain) | N=116 (Germany)

Those Who Do Not Use Pay-TV Services
What is the reason/what are reasons that you are not using pay-TV services in your current household? HAS ACCESS TO EVERYTHING VIA INTERNET THINKS IT IS TOO EXPENSIVE DOES NOT CARE ABOUT LOCAL CHANNELS DOES NOT HAVE A TV DEVICE OTHER Total 71% 17% 14% 12% 11% Great Britain 70% 18% 11% 14% 11% Germany 71% 16% 17% 10% 10% 55 % of respondents does not dispose of pay-TV services. The main reason for that is that on the internet they find contents covering every interest. There are some who think this service is too expensive, and among Hungarians living in Germany there is a higher proportion of those who do not care about local channels. Beside the listed reasons some have mentioned that the amount of free channels is sufficient, resp. they do not like to watch TV or do not have time for it. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=408 (those who do not use pay-TV services) | N=198 (Great Britain) | N=210 (Germany)

Watching TV via Free Solutions
Are you watching TV broadcast via some kind of free solution in your current household? WITH LIVE WEB TV WITH TV APPLICATION WITH SATELLITE DISH WITH AERIAL OTHER DOES NOT USE FREE SERVICES Total 35% 10% 9% 8% 13% 37% Great Britain 34% 11% 5% 12% 16% 39% Germany 35% 8% 13% 5% 11% 34% There is a nearly equal rate of those who do not use free TV service and of those who watch TV broadcast via web TV accessible from an online website, containing live broadcasts – thereby this is the most frequent one of the listed solutions in both countries. The content delivery TV application is also considered, accompanied in a smaller proportion by aerial in Great Britain and by subscription-free satellite dish in Germany. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Watching TV via Free Solutions
By demographic variables Total Gender Age Marital status Settlement type        18-29 30-39 40-49 Using Not using 63% 37% 66% 60% 62% 68% 64% 67% 61% 70% 34% 40% 38% 32% 36% 33% 39% 30% The free solutions of watching TV are mainly used by the sample’s oldest group (40-49 y.o.) and by those living in villages. They are typically people who often feel like strangers in the given country and travel home frequently. Those who do not take this opportunity do not significantly deviate from the average, they rather belong to the group of single women. N=736 (total sample)

Device Needed for Satellite Subscription
Have you ever heard among your acquaintances living abroad that someone has taken their device (box, card) belonging to the satellite subscription from Hungary abroad, and continued watching Hungarian broadcasts through it? Total 62% In Germany a little more that the average, in Great Britain less people, but overall the majority (2/3 of respondents) has heard about someone who has taken their device belonging to the satellite subscription, through which they can keep watching Hungarian broadcasts. Those who have heard about this opportunity are typically the elderly (40-49 y.o.), living in smaller settlements, and the divorced; there are relatively more of them who intend to stay permanently. Those who have not heard about this opportunity are typically belonging to the youngest age group, they are single, living in the capital, they keep in touch with people at home less frequently, and they are uncertain about the future. Great Britain 59% Germany 66% N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Interest in Satellite TV Service
Would you be interested in a satellite TV service which would allow you to take the devices belonging to your satellite subscription (box, card) from Hungary to another EU-state with you, and watch Hungarian broadcasts through it abroad? 51% 49% 33% Not at all 19% Rather not 20% Rather yes 28% Total Definitely yes 60% 40% 41% Not at all 19% Rather not 18% Rather yes 22% GREAT BRITAIN Definitely yes 43% 57% 24% Not at all 18% Rather not 23% Rather yes 35% GERMANY Definitely yes Hungarians living in Germany show greater interest in satellite TV-services than those living in Great Britain; overall, roughly half of respondents is interested in this opportunity. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Interest in Satellite TV Service
By demographic variables Total Gender Age Marital status Settlement type        18-29 30-39 40-49 48% 52% 53% 43% 42% 44% 59% 50% 54% 35% 48% 60% 47% 57% 58% 56% 41% 46% 65% 52% 40% INTERESTED NOT INTERESTED Among those who are interested in satellite TV service the divorced men belonging to the oldest age group, living in smaller settlements represent a higher proportion. The interested ones have typically not settled in the foreign environment or often feel like strangers there, and therefore they plan to move home; they are also currently in daily contact with people at home and they visit them even several times a month. For them, the Hungarian broadcast is presumably a cure for loneliness and isolation, it is important for them to stay up-to-date with events at home. Among those who are not interested in this service the youngest (18-29 y.o.), the women, the singles, and those living in capital are overrepresented compared to the average. Many of them plan to move to another country; contact with acquaintances at home is less frequent and they also travel home only occasionally. Probably they consider as less important to keep their origins this way or need it less. N=736 (total sample)

Frequency of Internet Usage
On smartphone, laptop, tablet or other device INTERNET USAGE (WIFI EXCLUDED) Wifi USAGE 6,4 WiFi on smartphone, laptop, tablet or another device is used by almost everyone on a daily basis, and although internet usage with other methods than WiFi is somewhat less frequent, it is also a daily practice for the vast majority. The relatively high proportion of people not using internet without WiFi can just be explained with WiFi-usage, since 90 % of them takes the opportunity of WiFi on a daily basis. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Internet Connection Total Great Britain Germany 88% 9% 2% 1% 91% 7% 1%
What kind of internet connection do you currently have in your household? DOES NOT HAVE INTERNET CONNECTION AT HOME PERFECTLY SUITABLE FOR STREAMING StREAMING IS ERRATIC WITH IT IT IS NOT SUITABLE FOR STREAMING Total 88% 9% 2% 1% Great Britain 91% 7% 1% 1% Germany 85% 11% 2% 1% The vast majority of respondents has internet connection perfectly suitable for live video watching (streaming) at their foreign residency. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Frequency of Streaming
By demographic variables Total Gender Age Marital status Settlement type        18-29 30-39 40-49 Daily Weeky Monthly Tried once Never 32% 27% 15% 10% 16% 35% 27% 40% 28% 32% 31% 36% 26% 25% 29% 30% 19% 13% 18% 14% 16% 15% 17% 9% 12% 6% 10% 7% 22% Daily frequency of streaming is especially typical for men living in the capital and in big cities. Among divorced respondents living in villages there is a higher proportion of those who have never tried this solution. N=736 (total sample)

Applications, Music Videos
On smartphone, laptop, tablet or other devices DOWNLOADING APPS WATCHING MUSIC VIDEOS 6,4 Following the internet usage, watching music videos is the second most frequent daily activity. Various applications are typically downloaded on a weekly or monthly basis; this is less frequent among Hungarians living in Germany. Downloading apps on a daily basis is mostly typical for single men living in the capital. Young people (18-29 y.o.) living in big cities typically download apps weekly, and women do so even less frequently. Frequent downloading of music videos is also mostly typical for the youngest single men living in capital, while those who have never tried this are members of elder age group living in villages. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Frequency of Downloading and Streaming TV Content
On smartphone, laptop, tablet or other device DOWNLOADING MOVIES, TV-SHOWS AND OTHER TV CONTENT FROM THE INTERNET WATCHING TV CONTENT ONLINE ON A VIDEO SHARING SITE OR ON TV CHANNELS’ WEBSITE 6,4 Downloading of TV content from the internet is typical for approx. 2/3 of all respondents; it is more frequent among Hungarians living in Great Britain (daily, weekly), while in Germany the majority has never taken this opportunity. On a daily basis it is mostly typical for single men living in the capital. Those who have never tried it are mainly women and people living in villages. There is no significant difference between the countries in terms of streaming, this activity can be observed on a daily/weekly basis. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N =736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Frequency of Downloading TV Content
By demographic variables Total Gender Age Marital status Settlement type        18-29 30-39 40-49 Daily Weekly Monthly Tried once Never 24% 21% 11% 9% 35% 27% 20% 31% 24% 28% 23% 13% 29% 26% 19% 25% 18% 16% 22% 14% 12% 11% 10% 15% 5% 7% 8% 9% 6% 41% 34% 33% 38% 37% 47% Downloading TV content on a daily basis is mostly typical for single men living in the capital. Those who have never taken this opportunity are mainly women and people living in villages. N=736 (total sample)

Consumption of domestic content

Summary SATELLITE TV SOLUTION FROM HOME
Hungarians living in Germany show greater interest (57 %) in satellite TV service that those who work in Great Britain (40 %). Men over 40 years and living in small towns are more interested in this offer, young people living in big cities care less about it. The interested ones could typically not settle in the foreign environment or often feel like strangers there, and therefore they plan to move home; they are also currently in daily contact with people at home and they visit them even several times a month. For them, the Hungarian broadcast is presumably a cure for loneliness and isolation, it is important for them to stay up-to-date with events at home. 50 % of respondents did not watch any domestic TV broadcast in the past 6 months. Top 5 most watched programs: X-faktor, Barátok közt, Gasztroangyal, Éjjel-nappal Budapest, Magyarország, szeretlek. Domestic programs are watched in higher rate by Hungarians living in Germany, married women belonging to the elder age group, living in villages. They are characterized by more frequent contact, they also visit home more often because they often feel like strangers abroad. If they could choose, the most popular Hungarian TV contents would be movies, educational films and news. Many people living abroad are interested in domestic events, they hear about Hungarian broadcasts and they even download them. However, an opposite attitude can also be observed, according which many do not watch Hungarian broadcasts anymore, probably because they have learned to like the programs of foreign channels. HUNGARIAN TV CONTENT Downloading TV content from the internet is typical for approx. 2/3 of all respondents. On a daily basis this activity (just like streaming) is mostly typical for single men living in the capital. Those who have never tried it are mainly women living in villages.

Content of Downloading
What kind of TV contents have you downloaded in the past 6 months (torrent)? ANY KIND OF FOREIGN MOVIE ANY KIND OF FOREIGN TV SHOW HUNGARIAN MOVIE NOT ACCESSIBLE ABROAD 57% 49% 35% 66% 60% 36% 44% 33% 33% Total Great Britain HUNGARIAN TV SHOW NOT ACCESSIBLE ABROAD HUNGARIAN DOCUMENTARIES, NEWS HUNGARIAN PRODUCTION (TALENT SHOW, GAMESHOW, OTHER SHOW PROGRAM) Germany 19% 16% 11% 20% 16% 14% 18% 14% 8% Although it is the most frequent also among Hungarians living in Germany, they download foreign movies or TV shows in a much lower rate compared to average. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=400 (those who download TV content)

Content of Streaming 55% 48% 33% 64% 56% 28% 45% 40% 38% Total
What kind of TV contents have you watched on the internet in the past 6 months (stream)? ANY KIND OF FOREIGN MOVIE ANY KIND OF FOREIGN TV SHOW HUNGARIAN MOVIE NOT ACCESSIBLE ABROAD 55% 48% 33% 64% 56% 28% 45% 40% 38% Total Great Britain HUNGARIAN TV SHOW NOT ACCESSIBLE ABROAD HUNGARIAN DOCUMENTARIES, NEWS HUNGARIAN PRODUCTION (TALENT SHOW, GAMESHOW, OTHER SHOW PROGRAM) Germany Sports broadcasts 33% 31% 24% 23% 32% 29% 19% 20% 34% 33% 30% 25% As mentioned, Hungarians living in Germany use torrent less than the average, however, they stream relatively more Hungarian movies, TV shows, documentaries or productions not accessible on foreign channels. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (those who watch TV content online)

Shows’ Access to Viewers
Which domestic program of programs of the following have you watched in the past 6 months? WATCHED A DOMESTIC PROGRAM Other: Dumaszínház Sztárban Sztár Mokka Jóban-rosszban Munkaügyek Válótársak Aranyélet Társasjáték XXI. Század Egyenes beszéd Házon kívül Konyhafőnök Street Kitchen Totalcar Olympic games UEFA European Championship Total 51% Great Britain 47% Germany 56% Half of the respondents did not watch any domestic TV program in the past 6 months. Among them a higher proportion is represented by y.o. singles living in the capital who already consider the given country as their home, they plan to stay or maybe to move to another country. They visit home less frequently and keep in touch with people at home less often. Domestic programs are rather watched by Hungarians living in Germany, married women belonging to the elder age group, living in villages. They are characterized by more frequent contact, they also visit home more often and they plan to move back because they often feel like strangers abroad. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Reasons of Downloading TV Contents resp. Streaming
How typical is it for you that you download or watch TV contents through the internet because…? AVERAGE (scale of 1-5) 3,1 2,4 2,4 2,4 I do not have to adapt to TVs’ program schedule, I watch these movies/TV shows anytime I want I do not want to wait days or weeks between the episodes of a TV show, I prefer to watch the whole at once I do not have subscription for a channel where this program (movie/TV show) is broadcasted It feels good to hear Hungarian words 2,2 2,1 1,7 1,5 I watch Hungarian movies and programs which are not broadcasted on foreign channels I cannot wait until TV channels put the movie/TV show on their program I do not speak the language on a level high enough to understand the content of foreign channels I do not have a TV since I live abroad The main reason for downloading TV contents and streaming is the flexibility, since thanks to these solutions one does not have to adapt and wait for a given movie or for continuing a beloved TV show. In case of people living abroad he language barrels are less significant, although for many it feels good to hear Hungarian words. N=583 (those who download TV content or watch it online)

Awareness of Cable Television Services
Some TV channels and content providers make programs already aired on TV available on an online surface as well, and cable TV providers also have video stores where movies and TV shows can be watched. Which of the following services have you heard of? YouTube is the best known service in both countries while Médiaklikk it the least. In Great Britain BBC iPlayer, Netfix, Amazon Prime and Apple iTunes are known better than average. The latter is the least used service. In spite of their recognition TV2.hu and Amazon Prime are also rarely used. In Great Britain there is a higher rate of known services. YouTube is clearly the most frequently used service; in Great Britain it is followed by Netflix and BBC iPlayer, and in Germany by RTL Most, which has been tried only a few times by a high rate of respondents. Many of both countries’ residents have tried TV2.hu’s service as well. The regular usage of a video store is higher in Great Britain and it is rather typical for young people living in the capital. The rate of trying is also higher in Great Britain, in this group young women living in the capital are overrepresented, who visit home often and have not settled in completely yet. N=736 (total sample)

Awareness of Cable Television Services
RTL MOST TV2.HU MÉDIAKLIKK YOUTUBE NETFLIX BBC IPLAYER AMAZON PRIME APPLE ITUNES Total Great Britain Germany N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Most Liked TV Genres in Hungarian Language
If you were given free choice, what kind of TV contents would you prefer to watch in Hungarian language? Total Great Britain Germany The most popular TV contents in Hungarian language that raise the highest demand are movies, educational films and news. This is especially true for Hungarians living in Germany. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Typical Consumer Attitudes
Which of the following statements apply to you? Those who care about things happening at home and try to follow Hungarian events are rather elder men who intend to return to Hungary in the future. People who have learned to love the programs of foreign channels are those who almost consider the given country as their home, they want to stay permanently, they keep in touch with people at home less frequently and also visit home less often than average. Total Great Britain Germany N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Conversation About TV Contents
Which of your acquaintances or friends do you talk about movies, TV shows, TV contents with? MEMBERS OF CURRENT HOUSEHOLD LOCAL FRIENDS, colleagueS FRIENDS, FAMILY MEMBERS LIVING AT HOME HUNGARIAN FRIENDS, acquaintances LIVING ABROAD THEY DO NOT TALK ABOUT THIS TOPIC Total 43% 31% 30% 28% 24% Great Britain 47% 39% 25% 30% 21% Germany 40% 23% 35% 27% 27% The majority discusses the actual TV contents mainly with the members of their own household but beyond this they also share their opinion with anyone, with local or Hungarian acquaintances living abroad or with those living at home. However, nearly a quarter of respondents does not talk about this kind of topic with others at all; among them the elder age group is overrepresented. A szakiskolát végzettek (és a megyeszékhelyen élők) mind a reklámok számával, mind a blokkok hosszával kapcsolatban kritikusabbak, mint a teljes sokaság. Az ellenpólust a legfeljebb elemit végzett nézők jelentik – ez összefüggésbe hozható azzal a megállapításunkkal, mely szerint ők hajlamosabbak elkapcsolni a break alatt. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Attitudes Towards Hungarian Programs
What is your relation to Hungarian programs, movies, TV shows since you live abroad? Among those who stopped following Hungarian programs there is a higher rate of single young people living in the capital, resp. those who consider the given country as their home, therefore their contact with people at home is less frequent and they barely go home or plan to move to another country. There are some who are informed about Hungarian programs but do not watch them, they are rather men living in smaller settlements. Among those always checking the novelties there is an overrepresented group of people who are in a close contact with people at home and who visit home even several times a month. The elderly living in villages who have not settled in entirely and plan to go home, typically watch the same programs they watched back home. Total Great Britain Germany N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Plans aND MOVING BACK HOME

Future Plans Total Great Britain Germany 38% 9% 16% 37% 36% 12% 15%
What are your plans regarding your future? WANTS TO STAY IN THE GIVEN COUNTRY PERMANENTLY WANTS TO MOVE TO ANOTHER COUNTRY WOULD LIKE TO RETURN TO HUNGARY UNCERTAIN ABOUT FUTURE Total 38% 9% 16% 37% Great Britain 36% 12% 15% 37% Germany 40% 6% 17% 37% More than 1/3 of Hungarians moved abroad wants to stay in the given country permanently, although the rate of those who are uncertain is almost the same. 1/6 of respondents plans to return to Hungary and only a minority considers to move to another country in the future. Among Hungarians living in Germany there is a slightly more of those who would like to stay abroad and less of them plans to move to a third country. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Future Plans vs. Demographics
By demographic variables Total Gender Age Marital status Settlement type        18-29 30-39 40-49 38% 31% 39% 41% 28% 43% 35% 33% 37% 40% 10% 8% 12% 9% 7% 15% 6% 4% 17% 20% 16% 11% 14% 44% 34% WANTS TO STAY IN THE GIVEN COUNTRY PERMANENTLy WANTS TO MOVE TO ANOTHER COUNTRY WOULD LIKE TO RETURN TO HUNGARY UNCERTAIN ABOUT FUTURE 38% 9% 16% 37% Those Hungarians who want to stay in the given country permanently are typically living in villages and have a family, they have managed to settle in to the extent that they consider the given country as their home. They communicate with people at home weekly or less frequently, and they only visit home yearly or less often. The most uncertain ones about the future are the singles and those who could not or barely could settle in the new environment. There is a regular contact with people at home. Those who wish to move to another country are mostly young people. Those planning to move home represent a somewhat higher rate among young people (18-29 y.o.) and similarly to uncertain ones can have problems with settling in. They keep in touch with people at home on a daily basis and they visit home even several times a month. N=736 (total sample) | N=361 (Great Britain) | N=375 (Germany)

Date of Moving Home Total Great Britain Germany 16% 15% 17%
When do you plan to move back to Hungary? THOSE WHO PLAN TO MOVE BACK TO HUNGARY EXPECTED DATE OF MOVING HOME Total 16% Great Britain 15% Germany 17% The majority of those who plan to travel home wish to do so in 1-5 years. Moving home in 1 year is planned only by the minority, although the rate of this group is much higher among Hungarians living in Great Britain compared to those living in Germany, who think in longer term. However, the rate of those who do not know when they will permanently return is also significant. N=117 (who plan to move home)

The Effects of Brexit 2% 38% 60%
How will your life be affected by Great Britain leaving the European Union? According 60 % of Hungarians living in Great Britain the country’s exit from the European Union will not affect their habitation, and there is a marginal rate of those who think it will make staying so difficult they will have to move. However, 38 % thinks it will make their lives more difficult is some respect. Those who think Brexit will not affect their residence are typically the elderly (40-49 y.o.), people living in villages and arriving with settling intentions. They have lived in the country for a long time so they also want to stay permanently, they consider this country as their home, an they keep in touch with people at home less frequently than average. Those who think this event will make their lives more difficult in some respect are rather singles living in the capital who are uncertain about their future regarding moving home. They are typically people who have arrived recently and often feel like strangers in the country. It will make staying impossible, I will have to move It will make my life abroad more difficult in some respect 2% 38% It will not affect my residence abroad 60% N=361 (Great Britain)

RESEARCH TEAM AND referencE

Research Team, Contact Kovács Balázs Dr. Geszler Nikolett
Media Team Leader Tel: Balázs has research experience of 11 years, after getting his degree in Economics at University of Pécs he started his career at a research agency in media field as the leading researcher of Viasat Hungária. Afterwards he gained experience in a media agency as the head of researcher of Omnicom Media Group, and then he worked on projects of companies Viacom and Synetiq as an external expert. He joined Ipsos in 2015. Nikolett gained her PhD degree in 2016 in the Doctoral School of Sociology at Corvinus University of Budapest. She has a scientific experience of several years, she is also currently a member of a research team. During her work she has presented in local and international conferences, her publications appeared in refereed academic journals. She is experienced both in qualitative and quantitative studies. She is a member of Ipsos’ media team since 2015. Dr. Geszler Nikolett Research Executive Tel:

References of Ipsos Zrt. on Media Market, 2011-2016

Media consumption of Hungarians living abroad

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