NÉMET-MAGYAR EGYÜTTMŰKÖDÉSI PROGRAMOK A KULTURÁLIS ÖRÖKSÉG TERMÉSZETTUDOMÁNYOS VIZSGÁLATI MÓDSZEREINEK FEJLESZTÉSÉRE HUNGARIAN-GERMAN COLLABORATION PROJECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC METHODS IN THE STUDY OF CULTURAL HERITAGE Résztvevők: Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum, Tübingen Universität együttműködő partnereink: ELTE, MTA-KFKI, MTA-GKI, BME és megyei múzeumok (Veszprém, Eger) Participants of the project: Hungarian National Museum with collaboration of Eötvös Loránd University of Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest Technical University and county museums (Veszprém, Eger) Új projekt: Magyarországi újkőkori kerámiák archeometriai vizsgálata és a közvetlen környezetükben található potenciális nyersanyaglelőhelyekkel való összehasonlításuk New project Archaeometrical analysis of Neolithic pottery and comparison to potential sources of raw materials in their immediate environment Sikeresen lezárult régi közös projekt: Magyarországi római és középkori márvány- és mészkőleletek archeometriai vizsgálata Successfully finished former joint project: Archaeometrical study of Roman and Medieval Marbles from Hungarian Monuments project webpage: project webpage: Objectives of the new project Pottery production is one of the most important crafts of prehistoric communities. Most of the archaeological evidence recovered from excavations consist of sherds and different ceramics, found on habitation sites as well as cemeteries. Pottery therefore has served for long as basic starting point of archaeological analysis of a site. Recent archaeometrical research added new dimensions to the study of archaeological pottery by focusing on material as well as form of vessels. So far, we are on the level of basic research: describing petrographical characteristics, technological types, assessing firing temperatures and making efforts for regional fingerprinting of pottery on the basis of its material. Material characteristics of the ceramics may depend on many complex factors: technological, regional, cultural and functional factors. Our proposed project intends to deal mainly with regional factors comparing local sediments with the material of early ceramics all over Hungary. Hungary is known to serve as a secondary centre for Neolithisation in Europe, forwarding ideas and perhaps also immigrants from the Southern parts of Europe, bringing along, apart from the knowledge of making ceramics, notions on food production, agriculture, animal husbandry and permanent settlements. These notions were quickly adopted and forwarded towards the west and the north. Considerable pioneering work has been done by members of the research group already. The present proposal could facilitate the exchange of ideas and ensure a homogeneity of analyses by the help of which we could make better founded statements concerning the provenance and technology of early pottery. First meeting: 8 th of March 2005 Venue: Hungarian National Museum Programme: (from ) Heinrich Taubald: The new DAAD-MÖB Project 2005/2006 “Archaeometrical analysis of Neolithic pottery and comparison to potential sources of raw materials in their immediate environment” - Application of new analytical, non-destructive X-ray techniques and Sr isotope measurements / Újkőkori kerámiák vizsgálata és a közvetlen környezetükben található potenciális nyersanyaglelőhelyekkel való összehasonlításuk. Új roncsolásmentes röntgen-analitikai vizsgálatok és Sr-izotóp mérések. Domboróczky László: Neolithic pottery from Eastern Hungary to be investigated in the framework of the project / A vizsgálandó kelet-magyarországi újkőkori kerámia és környezete. Regenye Judit: Neolithic pottery from Transdanubia to be investigated in the framework of the project / A vizsgálandó nyugat-dunántúli újkőkori kerámia és környezete. Kovács Timea: Daub: between pottery and sediment / Paticsok - a kerámia és az üledék között Pintér Farkas: Az izotópgeokémia alkalmazása az archeometriai kerámiavizsgálatokban / Isotope geochemistry in the archaeomertical ceramic analysis Szilágyi Vera - Szakmány György - Gyarmati János: Inka kori kerámiák petrográfiai vizsgálatának előzetes eredményei (Paria, Bolivia) / Preliminary results of petrographic investigations of Inca pottery (Paria, Bolivia). Mustafa Kibaroğlu: Mineralogische und Geochemische Untersuchungen zur Herkunftsbestimmung von Keramikwaren aus Ostgeorgien, Ostanatolien und Nordost-Syrien / Mineralogical and Geochemical Investigations on Provenance of ceramics from Eastern Georgia, Armenia, Eastern Anatolia, Southeastern Anatolia and Northeastern Syria. Bajnóczi Bernadett & Tóth Mária: Katódlumineszcenciás vizsgálati tapasztalatok kerámiamintákon / Experiences of cathodoluminescent investigations on pottery samples You are kindly invited! Objectives of the project The main objective of the project was the study of the origin of archaeological marble and possible sources in the Carpathian Basin. During the archaeological excavation of the Roman military fortress Heténypuszta (SW Hungary) 860 marble fragments were found, used in a secondary manner for the construction of the Late Roman fortress. Heténypuszta used to belong to the province Pannonia Valeria. The marble fragments originated most probably from memorial stones of a heathen cemetery. The fragments are now in the collection of the Hungarian National Museum. This study is the first large-scale effort for the determination of the origin of marble of Roman period from the territory of Hungary. More than 80 samples from several Austrian, Slovenian, Romanian and Macedonian marble quarries, crystalline limestone of marble-like quality from Hungary (Polgárdi Limestone) and so far 18 samples from archaeological objects were investigated. Analythical methods applied In order to determine the origin, mineral composition (by petrographical thin section and X-ray diffraction), stable isotope geochemical analysis (  13 C and  18 O), trace element analysis (AAS), cathodoluminescence methods and quantitative textural analysis were applied. Joint fieldwork Presentation on national and international conferences Archaeometry Workshop Budapest, HNM Archaeometry Workshop Tübingen, University Archaeometry Workshop Budapest, HNM 33th International Symposium on Archaeometry, 2002, Amsterdam Euromarble Meeting, 2002, München 34th International Symposium on Archaeometry, 2004 Zaragoza Joint publications Zöldföldi, Judit & Székely, Balázs, (2003): A case study of combining quantitative fabric analysis (QFA) and fractal analysis (FA) on white marbles with conventional analytical techniques for provenance analysis. In: Snethlage, R. & Meinhardt-Degen, J. (eds.) 13 th Workshop, EU 496 Euromarble, München, Zöldföldi, Judit & Székely, Balázs (2004): Kísérlet a nyugat-anatóliai tektonikai egyégek kvantitatív textúraelemzésen alapuló szétválasztására régészeti származásvizsgálati szempontból (An attempt to separate Western Anatolian tectonic units based on Quantitative Textural Analysis for archaeological marble provenance) p Zöldföldi, J., Pintér, F., Székely, B., Taubald, H., Biró, K.T., Mráv, Zs., Tóth, M., Satir, M., Kasztovszky, Zs. & Szakmány, Gy (2004), Római márványtöredékek vizsgálata a Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum gyűjteményéből (Provenance Studies on Roman Marble Fragments in the Hungarian National Museum, Budapest)